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Taylor's law is an empirical law in [[ecology]] that relates the between sample variance in density to the overall mean density of a sample of organisms in a study area.<ref name=Kilpatrick2003>Kilpatrick AM & Ives AR (2003) Species interactions can explain Taylor's power law for ecological time series. Nature 422, 65-68 doi:10.1038/nature01471 </ref> Taylor described this relationship in 1961 and it has been found to be true for many species since.<ref name=Ramsayer2011>Ramsayer J, Fellous S, Cohen JE & Hochberg ME (2011) Taylor's Law holds in experimental bacterial populations but competition does not influence the slope. Biology Letters </ref>
It has also been found to be true in other areas including transmission of infectious diseases, human sexual behavior, childhood leukemia, cancer metastases, blood flow heterogeneity, genomic distributions of single nucleotide polymorphisms and gene structures.<ref name=Anderson1989>Anderson RM & May RM Nature (1989) 333, 514-519</ref><ref name=Boag1992>Boag B, Hackett CA, Topham PB (1992) The use of Taylor's power law to describe the aggregated distribution of gastro-intestinal nematodes of sheep. Inter J Parasitol 22 (3) 267–270</ref><ref name=Kendal2011>Kendal WS, Jørgensen B (2011) Taylor's power law and fluctuation scaling explained by a central-limit-like convergence. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys ;83(6 Pt 2):066115.<ref>
==Mathematical formulation==
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